Your medical information may be used and disclosed for the following purposes:

• Treatment: We may use your information to provide, coordinate, and manage your care and treatment. For example, An OFC physician may share your medical information with another physician for a consultation or a referral. We will get your written consent prior to making disclosures outside The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. for treatment purposes, except in emergency circumstances when it is not possible to get your consent.
• Payment: We may use and disclose medical information about you so that the treatment and services you receive may be billed to, and payment may be collected from, you, an insurance company, or another third party. For example, we may need to give your health plan information about treatment you received at The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. so your health plan will pay us or reimburse you for the treatment. We may also tell your health plan about a treatment you are going to receive to obtain prior approval or to determine whether your plan will cover the treatment. We will get your written consent prior to making disclosures for payment purposes.
• Health Care Operations: We may use and disclose medical information about you for The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A.ís health care operations. Health care operations are the uses and disclosures of information that are necessary to run The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. and to make sure that all of our patients receive quality care. For example, we may use medical information to review our treatment and services, and to evaluate the performance of our staff and physicians in caring for you. We will get your written consent before making disclosures to others outside The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. for health care operations purposes.
• Appointment Reminders and Other Health Information: We may use your medical information to send you reminders about future appointments. We may also contact you with information about new or alternative treatments or other health care services. We may leave messages on your answering machine regarding an appointment or other heath care services.
• Fund-Raising: Occasionally, The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. may use limited information (your name, address, and the dates you were seen for medical services) to let you know about fund-raising or other charitable events.
• Facility Directory: We may include certain limited information about you in our directory while you are a patient. This information may include your name, location in the facility, and your religious affiliation if you provide this information to us. The directory information, except for your religious affiliation and condition, may be released to people who ask for you by name. This is so your family, friends and clergy can know your location. Your religious affiliation may be given to a member of the clergy, such as a priest or rabbi, even if they donít ask for you by name. If you would prefer that The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. not make these disclosures, please notify Bobbi Nawrocki, Privacy Officer.
• To People Assisting in Your Care. The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. will only disclose medical information to those taking care of you, helping you to pay your bills, or other close family members of friends if these people need to know this information to help you, and then only to the extent permitted by law. We may, for example, provide limited medical information to allow a family member to pick up a prescription for you. Generally, we will get your written consent prior to making disclosures about you to family or friends. If you are able to make your own health care decisions, The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. will ask your permission before using your medical information for these purposes. If you are unable to make health care decisions, The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. will disclose relevant medical information to family members or other responsible people if we feel it is in your best interest to do so, including in an emergency situation.
• Research: Federal law permits The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. to use and disclose medical information about you for research purposes, either with your specific, written authorization or when the study has been reviewed for privacy protection by an Institutional Review Board or Privacy Board before the research begins. In some cases, researchers may be permitted to use information in a limited way to determine whether the study or the potential participants are appropriate. Minnesota law generally requires that we get your general consent before we disclose your health information to an outside researcher. We will make a good faith effort to obtain your consent or refusal to participate in any research study, as required by law, prior to releasing any identifiable information about you to outside researchers.
• As Required by Law: We will disclose medical information about you when we are required to do so by federal, state or local law.
• To Avert a Serious Threat to Health or Safety: We may use and disclose medical information about you when necessary to prevent a serious threat to your health and safety or the health and safety of the public or another person. Any disclosure must be only to someone able to help prevent the threat. In addition, Minnesota law generally does not permit these disclosures unless we have your written consent to do so or when the disclosure is specifically required by law, including the limited circumstances in which The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. health care professionals have a ìduty to warn.î
• To Business Associates: Some services are provided by or to The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. through contracts with business associates. Examples include The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A.ís, attorneys, consultants, collection agencies, and accreditation organizations. We may disclose information about you to our business associate so that they can perform the job we have contracted with them to do. To protect the information that is disclosed, each business associate is required to sign an agreement to appropriately safeguard the information and not to redisclose the information unless specifically permitted by law.

Your medical information may be released in the following special situations:

• Organ and Tissue Donation: We may release your medical information to organizations that handle organ procurement or organ, eye or tissue transplantation, or to an organ donation bank, as necessary to facilitate organ or tissue donation and transplantation. The information that The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. may disclose is limited to the information necessary to make a transplant possible.
• Military and Veterans: If you are a member of the armed forces, we will release medical information about you as requested by military command authorities if we are required to do so by law, or when we have your written consent. We may also release medical information about foreign military personnel to the appropriate foreign military authority as required by law or with written consent.
• Workers Compensation: We may release medical information about you for workersí compensation or similar programs. These programs provide benefits for work-related injuries or illness. We are permitted to disclose this information to the parties involved in the claim without any specific consent, so long as the information is related to a workersí compensation claim.
• Public Health: We may disclose medical information to public health authorities about you for public health activities. These disclosures generally include the following:
  
  

  Preventing or controlling disease, injury or disability;

  Reporting births and deaths;

  Reporting child abuse or neglect, or abuse of a vulnerable adult;

  Reporting reactions to medications or problems with products;

  Notifying people of recalls of products they may be using;

  Notifying a person who may have been exposed to a disease or may be at risk for contracting or spreading a disease or condition; or

  Reporting to the FDA as permitted or required by law.

• Health Oversight Activities: The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. may disclose medical information to a health oversight agency for health oversight activities that are authorized by law. These oversight activities include, for example, government audits, investigations, inspections, and licensure activities. These activities are necessary for the government to monitor the health care system, government programs, and compliance with civil rights laws. Minnesota law requires that patient-identifying information (for example, your name, social security number, etc.) be removed from most disclosures for health oversight purposes, unless you have provided us with written consent for the disclosure.
• Lawsuits and Disputes: If you are involved in a lawsuit, dispute, or other judicial proceeding, we will disclose medical information about you only in response to a valid court order, administrative order, or a grand jury subpoena, or with your written consent.
• Law Enforcement: We may release medical information if asked to do so by a law enforcement official in response to a valid court order, grand jury subpoena, or warrant, or with your written consent. In addition, we are required to report certain types of wounds, such as gunshot wounds and some burns. In most cases, reports will include only the fact of injury, and any additional disclosures would require your consent or a court order.
  
  

  We may also release information to law enforcement that is not a part of the health record (in other words, non-medical information) for the following reasons:

  To identify or locate a suspect, fugitive, material witness, or missing person;

  If you are the victim of a crime, if, under certain limited circumstances, we are unable to obtain your agreement

  About a death we believe may be the result of criminal conduct;

  About criminal conduct at our facility; and

  In emergency circumstances to report a crime; the location of the crime or victims; or the identity, description or location of the person who committed the crime.

  Coroners, Medical Examiners, and Funeral Directors: We will release medical information to a coroner or medical examiner in the case of certain types of death, and we must disclose health records upon the request of the coroner or medical examiner. This may be necessary, for example, to identify you or determine the cause of death. We may also release the fact of death and certain demographic information about you to funeral directors as necessary to carry out their duties. Other disclosures from your health record will require the consent of a surviving spouse, parent, a person appointed by you in writing, or your legally authorized representative.

• National Security and Intelligence Activities: We will release medical information about you to authorized federal officials for intelligence, counter-intelligence, and other national security activities only as required by law or with your written consent.
• Protective Services for the President and Others: We will disclose medical information about you to authorized federal officials so they may provide protection to the President, other authorized persons, or foreign heads of state, or conduct special investigations only as required by law or with your written consent.
• Inmates: If you are an inmate of a correctional institution or under the custody of a law enforcement official, we will release medical information about you to the correctional institution or law enforcement official only as required by law or with your written consent.

• Right to Inspect and Copy: You have the right to inspect and receive a copy of your medical information that is used to make decisions about your care. Usually, this includes medical and billing records maintained by The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A.

If you wish to inspect and copy medical information, you must submit your request in writing to Medical Records Department. If you request a copy of the information, we may charge a fee for the costs of copying, mailing, or other supplies associated with your request, to the extent permitted by state and federal law.

We may deny your request to inspect and copy your information in certain very limited circumstances. For example, we may deny access if your physician believes it will be harmful to your health, or could cause a threat to others. In these cases, we may supply the information to a third party who may release the information to you. If you are denied access to medical information, you may request that the denial be reviewed. Another licensed health care professional chosen by The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. will review your request and the denial. The person conducting the review will not be the person who denied your request. We will comply with the outcome of the review.

• Right to Request Amendment: If you believe that medical information we have about you is incorrect or incomplete, you have the right to ask us to change the information. You have the right to request an amendment for as long as the information is kept by or for The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A.

To request a change to your information, your request must be made in writing and submitted to Bobbi Nawrocki. In addition, you must provide a reason that supports your request.

The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. may deny your request for an amendment if it is not in writing or does not include a reason to support the request. In addition, we may deny your request if you ask us to amend information that:



Was not created by The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A., unless the person or entity that created the information is no longer available to make the amendment;

Is not part of the medical information kept by or for The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A.;

Is not part of the information which you would be permitted to inspect and copy; or

Is accurate and complete.




• Right to an Accounting of Disclosures: You have the right to request an ìaccounting of disclosures.î This is a list of the disclosures we made of medical information about you. This list will not include disclosures for treatment, payment, and health care operations; disclosures that you have authorized or that have been made to you; disclosures for facility directories; disclosures for national security or intelligence purposes; disclosures to correctional institutions or law enforcement with custody of you; disclosures that took place before April 14, 2003; and certain other disclosures.

  To request this list of disclosures, you must submit your request in writing to Bobbi Nawrocki. Your request must state a time period for which you would like the accounting. The accounting period may not go back further than six years from the date of the request, and it may not include dates before April 14, 2003. You may receive one free accounting in any 12-month period. We will charge you for additional requests.

• Right to Request Restrictions: You have the right to request a restriction or limitation on the medical information we use or disclose about you. For example, you could ask that we not use or disclose information about treatment that you received to other physicians or to your insurance company. We are not required to agree to your request. If we do agree, we will comply with your request unless the information is needed to provide you emergency treatment.

To request restrictions, you must make your request in writing to Bobbi Nawrocki. In your request, you must tell us (1) what information you want to limit; (2) whether you want to limit our use, disclosure, or both; and (3) to whom you want the limits to apply, for example, if you want to prohibit disclosures to your spouse.

• Right to Request Confidential Communications: You have the right to request that we communicate with you about medical matters in a certain way or at a certain location. For example, you can ask that we only contact you only at work or only by mail.
To request confidential communications, you must make your request in writing to Bobbi Nawrocki. We will not ask you the reason for your request. We will accommodate all reasonable requests. Your request must specify how or where you wish to be contacted, and we may require you to provide information about how payment will be handled.
• Right to a Paper Copy of This Notice: You have the right to receive a paper copy of this notice. You may ask us to give you a copy of this notice any time.

Changes to This Notice

The effective date of this notice is April 14, 2003. We reserve the right to change this notice. We reserve the right to make the revised or changed notice effective for medical information we already have about you, as well as any information we receive in the future. If the terms of this notice are changed, The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. will provide you with a revised notice upon request, and we will post the revised notice at www.ofc-clinic.com and in designated locations at The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A.

Complaints

If you believe your privacy rights have been violated, you may file a complaint with us or with the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services. To file a complaint with The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. contact Bobbi Nawrocki, Privacy Officer, 507-386-6600. All complaints must be submitted in writing. You will not be penalized for filing a complaint.

Other Uses of Medical Information

Except as described above, The Orthopaedic & Fracture Clinic, P.A. will not use or disclose your protected health information without a specific written authorization from you. If you provide us with this written authorization to use or disclose medical information about you, you may revoke that authorization, in writing, at any time. If you revoke your authorization, we will no longer use or disclose medical information about you for the reasons covered by your written authorization, except to the extent we have already relied on your authorization. We are unable to take back any disclosures we have already made with your permission, and we are required to retain our records of the care that we provided to you.